Syzygium aromaticums place of origin is traced back to the maluku islands in indonesia. A potential hepatoprotective agent sadia kazi,1 palwasha abbasi,1 ashique ali arain1 abstract background. I n vitro antimicrobial activity of different syzygium aromaticum clove extracts was evaluated against 11. Herbal contraceptive effect of abrus precatorius, ricinus. Cloves syzygium aromaticum is spice which has many medicinal uses. Fresh seeds should be planted soon after removal from the. So the proper knowledge regarding identification,and proper uses of medicinal plants has become important. Oct 03, 2019 our evidencebased analysis on syzygium aromaticum features 6 unique references to scientific papers. Pdf medicinal plants are generating an everincreasing amount of interest due to the. Native to indonesia and occur especially in the north and central maluka moluccas and papua barat irian jaya. As a supplement, the spice can either be used in its whole form, ground form, or reduced to its essential oil. This species is native to indonesia and used as a spice in cuisines all over the world. Clove is an important ayurveda spice, used both for culinary and therapeutic purposes.
It is introduced and cultivated widely in brazil, haiti, india, kenya, madagascar, malaysia, mauritius, mexico, seychelles, sri lanka and tanzania. Syzygium aromaticum, the scientific name of cloves, is such a versatile plant. The plant is commercially harvested in indonesia, as well as in india, pakistan, sri lanka, comoro islands, madagascar, seychelles, and tanzania. Based on article 16d1, article 16f and article 16h of directive 200183ec as amended traditional use final. Clove and clove oil benefits, usage, dose complete. Each member of our research team is required to have no conflicts of interest, including with supplement manufacturers, food companies, and industry.
Abstract clove syzygium aromaticum is one of the most valuable spices that has been used for centuries as food preservative and for many medicinal purposes. A clove is the dried flowerbud of the tree syzygium aromaticum, native to the moluccas. Safety assessment of syzygium aromaticum flower bud clove extract with respect to testicular function in mice. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Cloves contain the flavonoid chemical, eugenol, which is also found in herbs such as cinnamon, basil, nutmeg and lemon balm. In india the references to the curative properties of some herbs in the rigveda seems to be the earliest records of use of plants in medicines. Syzygium aromaticum extract was the most active against multidrugresistant. It has been selected for evaluation for its antimicrobial properties to justify its use in traditional pharmacopoeia. Traditionally clove leaf oil has been used to treat burns and cuts and even in dental care for alleviating tooth ache and infection. Dietary herbal use of cloves can aid in the relief of a wide variety of ailments, both internal and external. Potential of clove of syzygium aromaticum in development. However, eugenol is widely used and well known for its medicinal properties. The genus comprises about 12001800 species, and has a native range that extends from africa and madagascar through southern asia east through the pacific.
It gives off a characteristic sweet aroma due to an essential oil called eugenol. By means of bioassaydirected chromatographic fractionation, eight active compounds were isolated from this extract and were identified as 5,7. Clove use can soothe and relax the inner lining of the intestines, aiding in digestion. Syzygium aromaticum clove is a traditional spice that has been used for food. Syzygium aromaticum is a good herb that is used in both food and medicine. A late date considering the medicinal uses of the essential oil from cloves. Many plant species have been reported to have pharmacological activities attributable to their phytoconstituents such are glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes, etc. Many studies were carried out on the medicinal uses of leptadenia arborea and syzygium aromaticum but the open litretture. Potential of clove of syzygium aromaticum in development of a.
The scientific name for the plant is syzygium aromaticum, however due to its popularity the name clove has become synonymous with both the spice and the plant itself. These are stimulant, carminative, gives relief in nausea and vomiting. A tree must be ten years before cloves can be harvested, always during the dry season. Syzygium aromaticum an overview sciencedirect topics.
The genus comprises about 12001800 species, 3 4 and has a native range that extends from africa and madagascar through southern asia east through the pacific. Potential of diethyl ether clove syzygium aromaticum extract. Ars germplasm resources information network syar2 calphotos syar2 integrated taxonomic information system caar26. Dental attention should be sought as soon as possible. Clove syzygium aromaticum is one of the most valuable spices that has been used for centuries as food preservative and for many medicinal purposes. The dried flower buds of this tree are the cloves of commerce. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region an infusion is used to treat irregular menstruation, diarrhoea, dysentery, childrens thrush etc 348.
This page is regularly updated, to include the most recently available clinical trial evidence. The clove tree is composed of leaves and buds the commercial part of the tree and the flowering bud production begins. The traditional medicinal system based on the use of herbal. Its highest levels of diversity occur from malaysia to northeastern australia, where many species are very poorly known and many. Essawi and srour 27 tested the antimicrobial e cacy of six medicinal herbal extracts in vitro toward four bacterial species methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis were the most inhibited microorganisms. Our evidencebased analysis on syzygium aromaticum features 6 unique references to scientific papers. Herbal medicinal products have been documented as a significant source for discovering new pharmaceutical molecules that have been used to treat serious diseases. Committee on herbal medicinal products hmpc assessment report on syzygium aromaticum l. Small, oblong fruit with little pulp, similar to the java plum. Its native to indonesia, but nowadays its also cultivated in other countries. The clove tree is an ultratropical tree which will not survive temperatures below 50f, or above 100f. Clove and clove oil benefits, usage, dose complete ayurveda.
The english common name cloves derives from the latin word clavus, which means nail. Native to the molucca islands, as many spices, cloves were once a treasured commodity prized by the ancient romans 2. Clove is native of indonesia but nowadays is cultured in several parts of the world including brazil in the state of bahia. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region. Recent trends in indian traditional herbs syzygium.
Jambolan is widely used in folk medicine for diabetes. It has an antioxidant antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. Effect of leptadenia arborea and syzygium aromaticum on. One of the earliest known spices in trade, the dried, aromatic flower buds produced by this mediumsized tree are familiar to many of us as a common kitchen spice. Ethanolic extract of four medicinal plants were subjected to in vitro. Syzygium aromaticum cloves, organic whole world seed supply. Clove syzygium aromaticum get more information about herb. Cloves uses in the past and history cloves medicinal herb the oldest recorded medical use of cloves, as early as 240 bc, comes from china, where it was used as a remedy for many different ailments, including diarrhea and hernia. The fruits were used as plant material while the microbial germs consisted of six reference strains. It is being used since centuries for different purposes in different parts of the world. Syzygium aromaticum or cloves have been found in vessels dating as far back as 1721 bc. Preparation of syzygium aromaticum extract syzygium aromaticum aqueous extraction was done using methanol and distilled water. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region other uses clove oil is extracted by water distillation and mixes well with cinnamon, cedar, lavender, rose and bergamot. Family myrtaceae is one of the most important herbs in trad itional medicin e, having a wide spectrum of b iological activity.
However, these usually arise with excessive intake. Final community herbal monograph on syzygium aromaticum l. Today, the commodity has spread all over the continent for cultivation to areas like madagascar, sri lanka, zanzibar, and some parts of the caribbean. Pdf phytochemical evaluation and pharmacological activity of. Antifungal activity of the clove essential oil from syzygium aromaticum on candida, aspergillus and dermatophyte species. It is believed that the clovetree is originally native to the maluku. Syzygium aromaticum was once the subject of feuds among most european states, as they all sought to control this precious product. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Cloves syzygium aromaticum, many medicinal uses have been most famously applied to toothache, and for mouth and throat inflammation. But many research paper also state that apart from its antidiabetic property, syzygium cumini is a ocean of many other features or characteristics in the field of medicine. Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use. Kuete, in medicinal spices and vegetables from africa, 2017. Pdf recent trends in indian traditional herbs syzygium. Nov 16, 20 cloves syzygium aromaticum is spice which has many medicinal uses.
It also has its own shortcomings, such as seizures, skin and mouth sensitivity, numbness, erectile dysfunction in men, allergic reactions, and breathing problems, among many others. Syzygium aromaticum supplement health benefits, dosage. As the species name suggests, syzygium aromaticum, or cloves, are an aromatic flower bud used as a spice, a fragrance and a medicinal herb. Syzygium aromaticum pdf syzygium aromaticum medicinal uses pdf syzygium aromaticum pdf what remains openended is how the ftc should treat patent holders using their governmentgranted right to exclude. Pdf phytochemical evaluation and pharmacological activity. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration.
A crude meoh extract of syzygium aromaticum clove exhibited preferential growthinhibitory activity against gramnegative anaerobic periodontal oral pathogens, including porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic. The plant contains anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin as its chief active constituents. Patients would be given a dried clove flower to chew, or an essential oil would be made using the flower, and the oil would then be applied to the gum area. Skeels jambolan is one of the widely used medicinal plants in the treatment of various diseases in particular diabetes.
Many people are surprised to learn that clove is actually a flower bud. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial evaluation of. Pdf cloves syzygium aromaticum, many medicinal uses have been most famously applied to toothache, and for mouth and throat inflammation. Clove syzygium aromaticum is a fragrant, sweetflavored spice. It owes its name to its naillike appearance french clou. The seed, leaf, bark, and fruit are used to make medicine. The plant is commercially harvested in indonesia, as well as in india, pakistan, sri lanka, comoro islands, madagascar. Phytochemical evaluation and pharmacological activity of syzygium aromaticum. Recent trends in indian traditional herbs syzygium aromaticum. Many studies were carried out on the medicinal uses of leptadenia arborea and syzygium aromaticum but the open litretture mentioned no information on their toxicityies. Syzygium aromaticum is a tree in the family myrtaceae, native to indonesia with the aromatic flower buds known as cloves, and commonly used as a spice. Cloves benefits and uses and side effects as herbal medicine. This assessment refers only to caryophylli flos and caryophylli floris aetheroleum.
This spice has been used for many centuries due to its medicinal and culinary properties. Interesting fact about clove is, though it is hot to taste, it is cooling and soothing to stomach. Over a century ago, clove was the analgesic method utilized by dentistry. Antibacterial activity of syzygium aromaticum clove with. As you know the clove oil, distilled from clove bud, root, bark, twig, and fruit, can be used as germicide, spice, mouthwash, local anesthetics for toothache, synthetic vanillin, flavoring agent and enhancer. Compounds from syzygium aromaticum possessing growth. Jul 03, 2019 pinto e, valesilva l, cavaleiro c, salgueiro l. Cloves syzygium aromaticum, many medicinal uses have been most famously applied to toothache. Perry, floris aetheroleum emahmpc5349242010 page 56. Requires a humid, warm tropical climate with lots of water yearround. Syzygium aromaticum is the plant from which cloves are derived. Syzygium is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, myrtaceae. The plant is commercially harvested in indonesia, as well as in india, pakistan, sri lanka, comoro islands.
The relief of toothache by clove essential oil is only a provisional measure. These active cons isoquercetin, kaempferol tituents impart multiple pharmacological activities to the plant which includes antidiabetic, anticancer. Twenty five grams of syzygium aromaticum powder was soaked in distilled water and methanol 250 ml each separately at room temperature for 7 days. The flowers are rich in kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, isoquercetin quercetin3glucoside, myricetin3l. In persia and china, it was considered to have aphrodisiac properties.
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